Alcohol to Acid

Common Conditions:

Jones Reagent

The conditions are quite acidic and may not be compatible with acid-sensitive functionalities. The use of Jones oxidation has declined over time due to the toxic nature of chromium(VI) compounds.^[1][2]

Examples

CrO₃ (cat.) + H₅IO₆

A more practical procedure than Jones oxidation is the use of catalytic chromium trioxide (CrO3) with periodic acid (H5IO6). The process requires much smaller amounts of CrO3, which is toxic and environmentally harmful.^[1][3]

Examples

TEMPO (cat.) + NaOCl (cat.) + NaClO₂

The procedure uses stoichiometric NaClO2 and only catalytic amounts of TEMPO and NaOCl. The conditions are relatively mild, buffered at pH 6.5 by the sodium phosphate buffer.^[4][5]

Examples

TPAP (cat.) + NMO

TPAP can serve as a mild oxidating agent with high functional group tolerance. The procedure uses a catalytic amount of TPAP in the presence of NMO as a co-oxidant.^[1]

Examples

Reaction Map:

The reaction map is intended to provide insight into possible reactions one step before and after the title reaction. It also serves as an alternative way to navigate the website, and as a means of coming up with retrosynthetic ideas. Click on the reaction arrow to visit the page.